State Approaches to Contact Tracing during the COVID-19 Pandemic

May 29, 2020

Map

To contain the spread of COVID-19, states are rapidly ramping up their contact tracing efforts. Click on a state to learn about its contact tracing program model, workforce, lead agencies, funding, and technology, or use the tabs on the left to view states’ approaches by category. To learn more, read these NASHP blogs, How States Are Ramping Up their COVID-19 Contact Tracing Capacity and Massachusetts Enlists Volunteers for its Contact Tracing Initiative to Curb COVID-19.

Model

State	Model
AL	In-house, the state is leading with some volunteer help.
AK	In-house, the state is leading with some volunteer help.
AZ	Partnering, the CDC Foundation is helping with recruitment.
AR	In-house, moving to partnering. The state will hire a partner to manage hiring.
CA	Partnering, local and state departments are leading; universities are providing training through a state contract.
CO	In-house, the state and local governments are leading with volunteer support.
CT	Partnering, the state and local health departments are leading the workforce; the state partnered with Microsoft for the platform
DC	In-house
DE	Partnering, the state is leading; NORC will hire and train contact tracers.
FL	In-house
GA	Partnering, the state is leading the tracing effort with outside assistance with training and technology.
HI	Partnering, the state is managing the workforce and partnering for training.
ID	In-house
IL	In-house
IN	Contracting out, contact tracing will primarily be conducted by a contractor.
IA	In-house
KS	Partnering, the state is managing contact tracing, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is assisting by providing some staff.
KY	Contracting, private-sector staff will work with local health departments.
LA	Contracting for staffing, partnering with a university for training.
ME	In-house
MD	Partnering, the state is leading the effort with outside help from NORC for staffing.
MA	Contracting, the state oversees a multi-component collaboration with local and state agencies and a nonprofit.
MI	Partnering, the state is managing the process with assistance from private companies.
MN	Currently in-house, planning to contract.
MS	In-house
MO	In-house
MT	In-house
NE	Partnering, the state is leading some of the effort while contracting some out to a third-party vendor.
NV	In-house, the state is leading the effort; staff are supplemented with the National Guard in at least one locality.
NH	In-house, the state is leading the effort; staff are supplemented with the National Guard.
NJ	Contracting, the state is using a private company to supplement staffing. It is also partnering with a university for training.
NM	In-house
NY	Partnering, the state is leading the effort and partnering for hiring and training.
NC	Partnering, the state is contracting with organizations to build on local efforts.
ND	In-house, the state is managing the effort with volunteer assistance.
OH	Partnering, a nonprofit will help the state grow the workforce.
OK	In-house, the state is leading the tracing effort with help from National Guard and universities for staffing.
OR	In-house
PA	In-house, the state is leading the effort with some assistance from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) staff.
RI	Partnering, the state is leading the effort with support from the National Guard; it is contracting out the technology needs to SalesForce and Infosys.
SC	Partnering, in addition to internal staff, the state is contracting with Apple One and C-Trace for staffing.
SD	In-house, the state is managing the workforce with supplementation from the National Guard.
TN	In-house
TX	Contracting, the state is hiring a private company to scale up and manage staffing.
UT	In-house, the state is managing the workforce and contracted with a start-up to develop an app.
VT	In-house
VA	In-house
WA	In-house, the state is leading the effort with temporary assistance from the National Guard.
WV	In-house, the state is managing the workforce with support from the National Guard for staffing and a university for training.
WI	In-house
WY	In house. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is supplementing the state’s workforce.

Centralized/Decentralized Approach

Centralized/Decentralized

State	Centralized/ Decentralized Approach
AL	Both. The Alabama Department of Public Health conducts this tracing statewide; Mobile and Jefferson County health departments perform follow-up in their counties.
AK	Both: The Alaska Department of Health and Social Services is leading, with the local health department in Anchorage handling local cases.
AZ	Both, the Arizona Department of Health Services is working to develop a statewide contact tracing process; local health departments are also performing contact tracing.
AR	Centralized, the Arkansas Department of Health is leading the effort.
CA	Decentralized, the state’s effort is county-led with state support from the California Department of Public Health.
CO	Decentralized, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment supports local governments by supplementing staff.
CT	Both, the Connecticut Department of Public Health and local health departments are providing staff; the state provided a statewide platform.
DC	DC Health is leading.
DE	Centralized, in the Delaware Division of Public Health.
FL	Both, local health departments along with the Florida Department of Health work together.
GA	Both, the Georgia Department of Public Health and local health departments are engaged in the tracing effort.
HI	Both, local health departments are conducting contact tracing; Hawaii Department of Health is supporting the work.
ID	Decentralized, local health departments are conducting contact tracing with support from the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare.
IL	Decentralized, the Illinois Department of Public Health is serving as “operations manager” with local health departments conducting the contact tracing.
IN	Centralized, the call center will take over the task for 21 local health departments across the state, scaling up to include all localities. The Indiana State Department of Health and local health departments will focus on outbreaks and work to meet the needs for those isolating/ quarantining and in high risk settings.
IA	Both, the Iowa Department of Public Health state is helping small local health departments, while larger local health departments are handling contact tracing on their own.
KS	Decentralized with state support. Local health departments are leading the contact tracing effort with support from the Kansas Department of Health and Environment.
KY	Decentralized with state support from the Kentucky Department for Public Health.
LA	Centralized, the Louisiana Department of Public Health is managing the statewide contract.
ME	Centralized, the Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention is leading.
MD	Both, local health departments are conducting contact tracing; the Maryland Department of Health has contracted outside assistance.
MA	Both, the Massachusetts Department of Health and local health departments work together with Partners in Health.
MI	Both, local health departments primarily lead with support from the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services.
MN	Both, Minnesota Department of Health and local health departments are engaged in contact tracing.
MS	Centralized; led by the Mississippi State Department of Health.
MO	Decentralized, local health departments are leading the effort.
MT	Decentralized, local health departments and Indian Health Services are leading contact tracing with support from the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services.
NE	Both, the Division of Public Health of the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services is supporting and deploying staff to local health departments.
NV	Both, local health departments are leading, the Nevada Department of Health and Human Services is working to increase staffing for contact tracing.
NH	Centralized, the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services is leading the effort.
NJ	The state is shifting from a decentralized model to a centralized effort, managed by the New Jersey Department of Health.
NM	Centralized. The New Mexico Human Services Department is leading.
NY	Both, local health departments conduct tracing with central support from the New York State Department of Health. In New York City, the city’s public hospital system will lead rather than the health department.
NC	Both, the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services is supporting and building on the efforts of local health departments.
ND	Both, local health departments are supported by the North Dakota Department of Health.
OH	Decentralized, local health departments are leading with support from the Ohio Department of Health.
OK	Both, the Oklahoma State Department of Health and Cherokee Nation Public Health are leading and working in partnership with the local health departments.
OR	Both, Oregon Health Authority is working with local and regional public health authorities, as well as tribes, to determine how much help they will need to meet their needs for contact tracing.
PA	Both, some local health departments are conducting contact tracing; the majority of the state relies on the Pennsylvania Department of Health.
RI	Centralized, the Rhode Island Department of Health is leading.
SC	Centralized, the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control is leading.
SD	Centralized, the South Dakota Department of Health is leading.
TN	Decentralized with support from the Tennessee Department of Health; the urban areas have their own contact tracing staff.
TX	Moving towards a centralized model through the Texas Department of State Health Services.
UT	Both, the Utah Department of Health and local health departments are adding contact tracing staff.
VT	Centralized, the Vermont Department of Health is leading.
VA	Centralized, the Virginia Department of Health is managing the workforce.
WA	Both, the Washington Department of Health is overseeing but is supporting local leadership.
WV	Both, the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources Bureau for Public Health is supporting local health departments.
WI	Both, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services is aiding local health departments and centralizing training and recruitment.
WY	Both, local health departments and the Wyoming Department of Health are working on the contact-tracing effort.

Workforce and Training

AL	This state is using volunteers (including medical students) and reassigning staff. The state has also recruited school nurses and may ask community health center staff to help. The state is considering contracting some of the contact tracing work to non-state entities.
AK	The state trained current workers – mainly epidemiology staff and public health nurses – from its Department of Health and Social Services. In Anchorage, city nurses and (volunteer) school nurses are also assisting.
AZ	The state is: –Training state employees; -Working with statewide university partners to utilize faculty, staff, and students in public health, medicine, nursing, and social work programs; -Partnering with the federal CDC Foundation for recruitment; and -Assigning new employees to staff up to 40 teams of public health investigators, which can be deployed statewide.
AR	The state has approximately 200 contact tracers and is working to contract with a partner that will hire 350 additional contact tracers. The state reassigned state health department employees and worked with medical and public health schools and nonprofit organizations to recruit an additional 85 volunteers. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention investigators are expected to assist the state.
CA	The state has both paid and volunteer contact tracers , including California Health Corps, California Conservation Corps, CalVolunteers, and AmericaCorps staff. San Francisco is retraining city employees to perform tracking, including librarians, health department, and city attorney staff, and medical students. The state health department is planning to train at least 10,000 and up to 20,000 people to help local health departments.
CO	The state maintains a contact tracing team to support local governments. The state has no formal statewide hiring target. The state estimates 300 people across the state are now doing contact tracing work, up from about 30 to 40 prior to the pandemic. The state health department is planning to hire 50 new contact tracers, some of whom will be public health students, and may also recruit volunteers. Local governments are also retraining public workers (morgue workers trained in El Paso county; police in Denver).
CT	The state will supplement 300 existing state and local health agency staff with 400 volunteers, including public health graduate students and school nurses.
DC	The local health department currently has about 65 contact tracers and will increase to about 200 tracers. Up to 700 additional tracers may be hired through Phase One of reopening.
DE	The state will hire approximately 200 contact tracers and support staff and will partner with the NORC at the University of Chicago to hire and train contact tracers and scale up technology. About 100 members of the Delaware National Guard will embed with the state health department to begin statewide contact tracing. Those who need extra support to self-quarantine (i.e., grocery delivery or alternative housing) will be referred to a network of local community health workers.
FL	The state reports more than 1,000 individuals, including students, epidemiologists, and other staff from across the state health department, are engaged in contact tracing.
GA	In addition to the 250 contact tracers the state had before COVID-19, the state plans to hire up to 750 additional tracers, including student interns from medical and public health colleges. In partnership with the CDC Foundation, the state hired a deployment coordinator and a training and learning coordinator to oversee the training and deployment of contact tracers and work with the 18 public health districts to ensure operational issues, staffing needs, and performance metrics are met.
HI	There are currently 80 contact tracers statewide. The state will work with the University of Hawaii to train as many as 300 additional people to become contact tracers. University of Hawaii Community Colleges will add capacity in their community health worker programs and update curricula so that community health worker graduates will be prepared to support COVID-19 contact tracing.
ID	The state is expanding its capacity by up to 255 contact tracers, up from 23 available two months ago. Some local health departments have reassigned staff, and others hired temporary staff.
IL	Chicago contact tracers include redeployed staff from local health departments and health care organizations. The city is also working to build partnerships with community health workers, students, and others. The state is planning to implement resource coordinators to make sure people who test positive have the food, medications, and services they need to self-isolate. The state is creating a standardized hiring process and an online training program.
IN	Starting in May, the state shifted contact tracing from state and local health departments to a private company. Maximus will hire about 500 people to staff a call center to reach out to people who have tested positive, interview them, and notify their contacts. Close contacts will receive daily texts to monitor them for symptoms. Public health students and epidemiologists at the state health department will assist the contact tracers if needed. The state may ask retired health care workers and medical students to supplement and provide expertise to the call center staff. State and local health department staff will focus on cases that could lead to outbreaks. Tracers will take a three- to four-hour online training course provided by the American State and Territorial Health Officers.
IA	The state has reassigned dozens of staff members from the departments of public health and human services, and is training more than 150 National Guard members to help. Many of the state’s contact tracers are helping rural counties with small public health departments. Larger counties are handling much of the work themselves.
KS	Local health departments are leading contact tracing and many are retraining staff. One county is using medical students, another is hiring new staff. State officials are assembling a 400-volunteer contact tracing force to assist counties. The state is hiring at least 25 people for contact tracing and data entry and will monitor virus hot spots throughout the state and fill gaps at local health departments. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention employees are also being deployed to counties.
KY	The state is considering proposals to hire up to 700 disease investigators, contact tracers, and social support connectors via a third party, adding to the state’s network of regional health departments. The Louisville health department expanded from 9 contact tracers to 55 through reassigned staff and volunteers; they will expand by another 100-200 through a contract with Lacuna Health, a health care call center, answering service and telehealth provider.
LA	The state plans to hire up to 700 contact tracers in the coming weeks, with the first 250 starting May 15, 2020. The state is contracting with Accenture and Salesforce to manage the contact tracing process, using two Louisiana-based call centers. The training for these contact tracers will be managed by Louisiana State University.
ME	The state has 30 employees dedicated to contact tracing on a full or part-time basis, up from 10 prior to the pandemic. If the spread of the virus accelerates, the state would raise contact tracing staffing to 100. Numbers were increased with staff reassignments, retired state epidemiologists, and new hires. The state asks businesses that reopen to maintain contact information for clients and customers and the staff who have come into contact with them in case someone tests positive for the virus.
MD	The state had 200 to 250 tracers and has a goal of increasing to 1,000. Half will work at local health departments and the other half will work at a call center run by an independent institution at the University of Chicago, NORC. One local health department reassigned school nurses and disease prevention and behavioral health nurses. Another partnered with a community college to hire and train contact tracers.
MA	The state partnered with the nonprofit Partners in Health to create the COVID-19 Community Tracing Collaborative. Partners in Health is managing a virtual support center that will include 1,000 people, hired and trained by the nonprofit. Student volunteers from schools of public health from the state’s colleges and universities are also participating. The state health department maintains the data and oversees the processes.
MI	The state has 3,500 contact tracing volunteers working with local health departments that primarily lead the effort along with 130 state workers. The state may hire more professional tracers. The state announced that Detroit-based Rock Connections will manage volunteers, and Deloitte will manage technology for the tracing program.
MN	The state health department has been conducting contact tracing initially with 20 people and now at 200. The state plans to increase its staff by using workers from local health departments, public health students, redeployed state workers from other agencies, and volunteers, aiming for 500 tracers. The state health department is seeking authority and money to hire a new workforce which could include laid off or furloughed health care workers. Some local health departments are also conducting tracing using county staff and retired nurses.
MS	The state plans to hire 20 contact tracers.
MO	Efforts are led by local health departments. One county (St. Louis) is hiring 100 contact tracers. The local health departments previously relied on help from nursing, medical, and public health students. Contact tracing is counted toward the students’ required clinical hours in order to graduate. The county plans to expand the number of student volunteer tracers this summer. Another is recruiting medical and dental student volunteers. Local health departments created training videos and materials.
MT	Local health departments brought on additional staff to serve as contact tracers and reassigned sanitarians to work in a COVID-19 call center. Retired nurses and medical students have also volunteered.
NE	The state has trained 277 additional staff reassigned to aid in contact tracing, up from 30 in normal circumstances. Their goal is to ramp up its contact tracing team to 1,000 people. State health department (SHD) staff are embedding in local health departments. Long-term, the SHD plans to keep some contact tracing efforts inside the SHD and also use a third-party vendor, PRC, to contract some work to a call center.
NV	The state health department is hiring additional staff and recruiting volunteers to help with contact tracing. The state is looking to work with business and industry partners with call center employees to train for contact tracing. The National Guard is helping one county. Another county reassigned swimming pool and restaurant inspectors and partnered with public health students who are paid through a program with the university.
NH	All 70 staff members in the state health department’s Bureau of Infectious Disease Control are working on contact tracing, along with 50 staff members from elsewhere in the department. In May, the National Guard began helping the state with contact tracing. The state is working in collaboration with Vermont health officials to trace contacts.
NJ	The state is building a Community Contact Tracing Corps to supplement 800 staff and volunteers at the local and county level. The state will seek assistance from public health students and contract with a staffing company to hire, train, and manage additional tracers, with a goal of 1,000 to 5,000 individuals in this role. Contact tracers will either be employed by the state, Rutgers, or the contractor. Previously, contact tracing was done by individual local health departments.
NM	In April, the state health department had more than 100 employee contact tracers, including many who were reassigned to contact tracing. The state is hiring 200 to 250 additional tracers who will be assigned to one of five regional contact-tracing teams statewide, with larger teams deployed to the regions with higher numbers of cases.
NY	The state announced a contact tracing pilot program with leadership from former New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg and in coordination with New Jersey and Connecticut. The program will include a baseline of 30 contact tracers for every 100,000 individuals, with an expected 6,400 to 17,000 tracers statewide depending on the projected number of cases. Bloomberg Philanthropies will help the state health department recruit potential contact tracers for the program. The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health developed an online curriculum and exam. The nonprofit Vital Strategies will provide technical and operational advising.
NC	The state health department launched the Carolina Community Tracing Collaborative, partnering with Community Care of North Carolina and the North Carolina Area Health Education Centers. These organizations will work with the nonprofit Partners in Health to coordinate with and build on contact tracing workforce in the local health departments. Up to 250 additional local staff will be hired and trained to support contact tracing efforts with the potential to add more. The state plans to recruit those who are unemployed, have community engagement experience, and live in the communities that they will serve.
ND	More than 350 people have been trained in contact tracing, including some public health graduate students who are receiving course credit. Of those, 77 contact tracers are active. As many as 500 could be trained, including 100 North Dakota State University health professions and emergency management students. Contact tracers also include local public health staff and volunteers of the Medical Reserve Corps. The nonprofit Lutheran Social Services is assisting with contact tracing efforts for people who speak English as a second language.
OH	The state partnered with Partners in Health. With its help, the state will increase the number of community tracers from a few hundred to up to 2,000. The state’s existing force of contact tracers is about 700 workers in the state’s 113 local health departments, including reassigned staff, such as school nurses and furloughed staff and volunteers in a three-tiered staffing plan.
OK	The state is planning to ramp up to 1,000 contact tracers. Members of the Oklahoma National Guard are being trained and the state is partnering with universities. Cherokee Nation Public Health has 20 trained contact tracers made up of Cherokee Nation Health Service staff who are not seeing patients, including physical therapists, dentists, physicians, and nurses as well as public health staff.
OR	The state plans to train at least 600 contact tracers, deployed statewide by county, with a focus on recruiting individuals with cultural and linguistic competence for the populations they serve. The state will create several teams of public health workers who can deploy within communities. Team members could be volunteers, hired and/or contracted by state or local health authorities or tribal governments. The state health department will redeploy 100 of its workers for contact tracing and counties will devise their own plans to fill the remaining need. Local health departments are reassigning staff and partnering with universities, hospitals, and clinics for additional tracers.
PA	The state health department has approximately 150 staff for contact tracing. Ten local health departments also have staff for contact tracing. Special teams of epidemiologists, public health graduate students, and a CDC senior policy advisor notify and provide follow-up recommendations when a COVID-19 case and/or outbreak is identified in large congregate settings. The state is creating the Commonwealth Civilian Coronavirus Corps, which will bolster existing local and community contact tracing efforts. The group will also work to coordinate existing resources deployed by the state, including community health nurses and county health departments that are conducting testing and contact tracing throughout the state.
RI	The state is currently carrying out its contact tracing efforts in partnership with the National Guard and using a platform created by SalesForce. Pharmacy and medical students are also involved.
SC	The state increased its own staff of contact tracers from 20 to 400 and also, through contracts with two different staffing companies, identified 1,400 more. The companies are Apple One and C-Trace.
SD	The state expanded its contact tracing workforce by reassigning staff from the health department and other agencies and partnering with the National Guard.
TN	Tennessee is looking to increase their existing contact tracing workforce of 300. In at least one county public employees are being reassigned to fill these roles.
TX	The state is contracting with the MTX group, a private technology company, to build and manage a group of contact tracers, with a goal of reaching 4,000. One county is also working with Texas A&M University School of Public Health’s Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics to gain a larger pool of epidemiologists.
UT	The state has retrained over 150 state employees and is training new volunteers from a pool of public employees to assist with the contact tracing efforts.
VT	The governor established the Vermont Enhanced Testing and Tracing Task Forces, comprised of experts from the Department of Health and agencies of Human Services and Digital Services, to monitor technological and workforce needs going forward. The state currently has 53 trained contact tracers and is implementing a plan to train additional tracers as needed.
VA	The state health department initially retrained staff including inspectors and nurses. It is now planning to hire 1,300 new staff to support contact tracing efforts.
WA	The local health departments are leading this work and the state health department will be in a supporting role. More than 2,100 people are trained to be contact tracers and 700 are actively filling those roles, including staff from state and local health departments, the state Department of Licensing, and the National Guard. Volunteers are registered through a Community Health Volunteer database.
WV	The National Guard is assisting with contact tracing (along with other services like food delivery and personal protective equipment procurement and distribution). The state health department is also partnering with West Virginia University to develop an online class to train contact tracers. The state aims to recruit undergraduate and graduate students in public health and related fields, licensed health professionals, and students who need additional clinical hours to complete their degrees; and citizens who want to volunteer. The state health department is deploying additional contact tracing staff to the counties as needed.
WI	More than 200 state employees have been reassigned to contact tracing efforts and the state will hire additional limited-term staff. Local health departments will receive funds to add staff. The state created a State Emergency Operations Center to organize and train contact tracers and coordinate volunteers from the Emergency Assistance Volunteer Registry.
WY	Local health departments are increasing contact tracing staff. A Community Protection Initiative Community Protection Initiative team from the CDC was sent to Wyoming to help preserve the state’s relatively low levels of COVID-19. They will help with contact tracing and other duties.

Technology

AL	The state will use a contact tracing app designed by Apple and Google that uses Bluetooth location technology.
AK	Contact tracers use social media, an airplane seating tool, or get help from businesses.
AZ	The state is implementing a secure, automatic symptom monitoring and reporting system that allows contacts to report symptoms daily by phone, text, or online.
AR	Investigators will be able to use the Sara Alert monitoring app to automate some of the contract tracing process.
CA	The state is using a platform to manage contacts and texts for people to report symptoms.
CO	The state launched an online symptom tracker.
CT	ContaCT, a statewide voluntary and confidential software system, automates some steps in the contact tracing process. Surveys are sent by email or text daily to individuals who have tested positive for COVID-19 and to people who were exposed and may be at risk of developing COVID-19.
DC	Not found
DE	The state will work with NORC’s technology partner, Enovational, and the Delaware Health Information Network to build a platform that allows the state health department to share data with contact tracers and Maryland.
FL	Miami-Dade County is considering joining the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Safe Paths, which uses cellphone apps to warn people when they have come into close contact with somebody who tested positive for COVID-19.
GA	Tracers contact people who have been exposed to COVID-19 and ask them to log their symptoms into an online monitoring platform, the Healthy Georgia Collaborative. The platform was developed for the state by the technology services company MTX Group, using Google Cloud data.
HI	New technology in use by the state allows contact tracers to monitor up to five-times more new contacts through digital follow-up. Individuals being monitored input information on their health status. The tool was developed by HealthSpace, a cloud-based platform.
ID	Not found
IL	The state is launching the Illinois Contact Tracing Collaborative, a technology-based strategy that relies on local health departments for information. The program has three components: · A disease-reporting software; · A common management platform; and · An app for use by COVID-19-positive patients and their contacts to get the services that they need.
IN	People contacted by the call center will get daily emails and text monitoring their condition.
IA
KS	The state is looking at using phone data apps from Google and Apple. One county is using an automated text system to check on people in quarantine.
KY	Not found
LA	Not found
ME	Not found
MD	A contact tracing platform called COVID Link will assist in collecting information about people who test positive for COVID-19 and anyone they have come into close contact with. The platform was developed in consultation with Rhode Island and Austin, TX.
MA	The Commonwealth Health Insurance Connector Authority created the virtual support center . Accenture and Salesforce are implementing support center capabilities.
MI	State officials are considering using an automated tool that allows people to opt in to receive a text or email notification if health officials believe they’ve been exposed.
MN	Not found
MS	Not found
MO	Not found
MT	Not found
NE	Information is entered into the Nebraska Electronic Disease Surveillance System, a database shared with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
NV	One local health department is using a mass notification system to text and email close contacts thought to be at lower risk. Higher-risk contacts are notified personally by phone.
NH	Not found
NJ	The state will create a new platform to provide training and data-collection functions for contact tracers.
NM	The state announced participation in a federal pilot program with software company Accenture, which could use text messaging to alert people based on geography. The state is also using an automated text messaging system.
NY	Contact tracers will use will a secure database. New York City is working on an app and partnering with Salesforce to deploy a call center and case management system.
NC	Not found
ND	The state is using an app to track those who may have been exposed to COVID-19 using Bluetooth signals. More than 29,600 smartphone users have downloaded the app.
OH	Not found
OK	The state is using an app created by Google and MTX Group that lets medical staff engage remotely with people who may have been exposed to the coronavirus, directing those with symptoms to testing sites.
OR	The state is using a voluntary app to facilitate contact identification. The state is also creating a separate COVID-19 active surveillance database, accessible to all case investigators and contact tracers across the state.
PA	The state is using MITRE-Sara Altert, a web-based monitoring tool, to send daily emails, texts and/or phone calls to cases and identified close contacts during their isolation/ quarantine monitoring period. The state is examining Bluetooth proximity exposure notification technology.
RI	The state is working with the private company Infosys to create a contact tracing app called CRUSH COVID that will assist the state health department with its efforts by using a location-based services platform to create individualized location diaries.
SC	The state will use a contact tracing app designed by Apple and Google which uses Bluetooth location technology.
SD	Together with North Dakota, the state launched the Care19, a location tracking app to map the spread of COVID-19 and assist with contact tracing.
TN	Not found
TX	Texas created an online contact tracing system for reporting possible exposure and COVID-19 symptoms called Texas Health Trace.
UT	The state partnered with a tech start-up to roll out an app called HealthyTogether to augment contact tracing efforts. The app prompts users to take a daily symptom assessment developed and connect those in need of testing to a test site. Location data is also tracked and app users can choose to share their data to help with contact tracing efforts.
VT	The state health department will engage with cases and their contacts using SARA Alert technology, a text-based monitoring system.
VA	The state is launching two apps to assist with contact tracing. The COVID Checker app will allow people to check their symptoms and guide them to testing if needed and allow for daily check-ins of those in quarantine or isolation. The second will be a proximity tracking app.
WA	Not found
WV	Not found
WI	Contact tracing will be assisted with analytic software.
WY	Not found

Funding Allocated by State

AL	Not found
AK	Not found
AZ	Not found
AR	The governor requested the state’s Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act Steering Committee to allocate $20 million of $1.25 billion in federal relief funds received for contact tracing personnel.
CA	Sacramento County budgeted $400,000 for response staff for activities including, but not limited to, contact tracing. The county expects to be reimbursed by federal dollars from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act. Tulare County spent $288,160 on 33 contact tracers. The state awarded an $8.7 million contract to the University of California, San Francisco, for training.
CO	The state is creating a COVID Response Corps of at least 2,000 people for disease surveillance and services for sick people at an estimated cost of $30 to $100 million. State officials are hoping for federal assistance. Kaiser Permanente Colorado contributed $1 million for suppression of COVID-19 among homeless individuals in Denver.
CT	Not found
DC	The mayor directed $2.3 million from the district’s Contingency Cash Reserve Fund for initial hires.
DE	Not found
FL	Not found
GA	Not found
HI	The state entered into a $2.5 million contract with the University of Hawaii using in-state funds for training.
ID	The state is using $7 million from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act to fund contact tracers.
IL	The state estimates that cost of contact tracing will be $80 million.
IN	The state is contracting with Maximus, a health and human service provider, to provide contact tracing for $43 million per year.
IA	Not found
KS	Not found
KY	The Louisville mayor estimates the cost of the city’s contact tracing contract will be $25 to 100 million; federal funds are expected to help cover the cost.
LA	The state expects to pay an estimated $15 to $20 million to several private companies: HUB Enterprises, Calls Plus, Coast Professional, and Hammerman & Gainer.
ME	Not found
MD	Not found
MA	The state budgeted $44 million for staffing.
MI	The state entered into a $1 million contract with Rock Connections, a call center company, to manage volunteers.
MN	A pending state bill would direct up to $228 million to contract with a private vendor to hire, train, and support temporary contact tracers: $30 million for an IT system; $30 million for local health departments and community health boards to support tracing; $5 million for a public campaign called “Answer The Call;” $4 million for the state’s tribal nations; $3 million for a short-term expansion of the state health department’s current tracing effort. The bill would be funded from federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act dollars.
MS	Not found
MO	Staff hired by St. Louis county are funded by $173.5 million from the federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act.
MT	The state used $5 million in federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act funds for a grant program for local health departments, tribal public health, and urban Indian clinics to enhance COVID-19 contact tracing, support local businesses in safely reopening, and increase education or enforcement.
NE	Not found
NV	Not found
NH	Not found
NJ	Bloomberg Philanthropies is investing $10.5 million and partnering with Johns Hopkins University to execute the recruitment, training, and deployment of 3,500 contact tracers for New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut.
NM	Not found
NY	Bloomberg Philanthropies committed $10.5 million to the contact tracing program
NC	New contact tracing staff will be hired by a third-party (Community Care of North Carolina) through a contract with the state health department.
ND	Not found
OH	The state Controlling Board approved use of federal COVID-19-related funding, including $12.4 million for local health departments, to perform contact in May and June.
OK	Not found
OR	If a county doesn’t have the funds to hire contact tracers, the state health department will provide funding, using money from the federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act. The county will recruit the contact tracers regardless of the funding source.
PA	The department of health was awarded a CDC grant for $18.7 million. A portion of these funds are earmarked by the federal government specifically for contact tracing.
RI	Not found
SC	The state’s Accelerate South Carolina task force proposed that $15 million of the state’s federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act funding be used to ramp up contact tracing.
SD	Not found
TN	The Memphis mayor presented a proposal to the City Council for $8.7 million for the Shelby County Health Department for increased contact tracing; $2.7 million of this would go to the health department to hire staff
TX	The state awarded a $295 million, 27-month contract to the MTX Group for contact tracing.
UT	The state spent $2.75 million on an app and will pay $300,000 per month for maintenance fees.
VT	Not found
VA	Virginia is committing $58 million in federal emergency aid to expand contact tracing.
WA	Not found
WV	Not found
WI	The state allocated $75 million of the state aid received through the federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act to go toward contact tracing.
WY	The state allocated $15 million to the state health department to help increase diagnostic testing and tracing capabilities. Another $17 million in federal funding was allocated to specifically expand testing, improve contact tracing, and add to the state’s supply of personal protective equipment.